Year: 2021 | 2020 | 2014-2019 | Book chapters

2021

• Zhao MY, Woodward A, Fan, Audrey P., Chen KT, Yu Y, Chen DY, Moseley ME, Zaharchuk G. "Reproducibility of cerebrovascular reactivity measurements: A systematic review of neuroimaging techniques." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism (2021).
• Dolui S, Fan, Audrey P., Zhao MY, Nasrallah IM, Zaharchuk G, Detre JA. "Reliability of arterial spin labeling derived cerebral blood flow in periventricular white matter." Neuroimage: Reports 1.4 (2021): 100063.
• Zhao MY, Fan, Audrey P., Chen DYT, Sokolska MJ, Guo J, Ishii Y, Shin DD, Khalighi MM, Holley D, Halbert K, Otte A, Williams B, Rostami T, Park JH, Shen B, Zaharchuk G. Neuroimage 233 (2021): 117955.

Cerebrovascular reactivity measurements using simultaneous 15O-water PET and ASL MRI

Impacts of arterial transit time, labeling efficiency, and hematocrit

Multi-delay arterial spin labeling (ASL), which uses non-invasive MRI, showed good agreement with reference PET for brain blood flow during a vascular "stress test". Just as a cardiologist may have you run on a treadmill, a brain "stress test" uses a drug to dilate blood vessels in the brain to gauge its cerebrovascular reactivity.

We conclude that multi-delay ASL is the most appropriate non-contrast MRI technique to measure cerebrovascular reactivity - in response to a brain stress test - in healthy subjects.

• Fletcher E, DeCarli C, Fan, Audrey P., Knaack A. "Convolutional Neural Net Learning Can Achieve Production-Level Brain Segmentation in Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Frontiers in Neuroscience 15 (2021): 745.
• Fan, Audrey P. "Editorial for: 'Decreased Spatial Variability of Individual Watershed Areas by Revascularization Therapy in Patients with High-Grade Carotid Artery Stenosis." Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 54.6 (2021): 1890-1891.

2020

• Fan, Audrey P., Khalil AA, Fiebach JB, Zaharchuk G, Villringer A, Villringer K, and Gauthier CJ. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 40, no. 3 (2020): 539-551.

Elevated brain oxygen extraction fraction measured by MRI susceptibility relates to perfusion status in acute ischemic stroke

We showed that MRI can non-invasively quantify the brain's oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in stroke patients. Brain OEF relates to the blood flow status in these patients, and is sensitive to OEF changes over time after treatment.

• Ishii Y, Thamm T, Guo J, Khalighi MM, Wardak M, Holley D, Gandhi H, Park JH, Shen B, Steinberg GK, Chin FT, Zaharchuk G, Fan, Audrey P. "Simultaneous phase‐contrast MRI and PET for noninvasive quantification of cerebral blood flow and reactivity in healthy subjects and patients with cerebrovascular disease." Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 51, no. 1 (2020): 183-194.
• Chen DYT, Ishii Y, Fan, Audrey P., Guo J, Zhao MY, Steinberg GK, Zaharchuk G. "Predicting PET cerebrovascular reserve with deep learning by using baseline MRI: a pilot investigation of a drug-free brain stress test." Radiology 296, no. 3 (2020): 627-637.
• Fan, Audrey P., An H, Moradi F, Rosenberg J, Ishii Y, Nariai T, Okazawa H, Zaharchuk G. "Quantification of brain oxygen extraction and metabolism with [15O]-gas PET: A technical review in the era of PET/MRI." Neuroimage (2020): 117136.
• Mormino EC, Toueg TN, Azevedo C, Castillo JB, Guo W, Nadiadwala A, Corso NK, Hall JN, Fan, Audrey P., Trelle AN, Harrison MB, Hunt MP, Sha SJ, Deutsch G, James ML, Fredericks CA, Koran ME, Zeineh MM, Poston K, Greicius MD, Khalighi MM, Davidzon GA, Shen B, Zaharchuk G, Wagner AD, Chin FT.   European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (2020): 1-12.

Tau PET imaging with 18 F-PI-2620 in aging and neurodegenerative diseases

We used a second-generation PET tracer, 18F-PI-2620,  to non-invasively visualize where tau tangles accumulate in the brain. In patients with cognitive impairment, strong differences in the images were seen in the medial temporal lobe and cortical regions known to be impacted in Alzheimer's Disease.

• Guo J, Gong E, Fan, Audrey P., Goubran M, Khalighi MM, Zaharchuk G. "Predicting 15O-water PET cerebral blood flow maps from multi-contrast MRI using a deep convolutional neural network with evaluation of training cohort bias." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 40, no. 11 (2020): 2240-2253.
• Carlson ML, DiGiacomo PS, Fan, Audrey P., Goubran M, Khalighi MM, Chao SZ, Vasanawala M, Wintermark M, Mormino EC, Zaharchuk G, James ML, Zeineh MM. "Simultaneous FDG-PET/MRI detects hippocampal subfield metabolic differences in AD/MCI." Scientific reports 10.1 (2020): 1-7.